РОЗВИТОК ЕЛЕКТРОННОЇ КОМЕРЦІЇ ТА ТОРГОВЕЛЬНОЇ ЛОГІСТИКИ КИТАЮ

Abstract

The article analyzes the development of China’s e-commerce for the period 2006–2020 and the forecast until 2024. During the study period, China’s e-retail sales increased from 1060.4 to 1414.3 billion US dollars. In addition, there is an increase in the share of online retail sales in total retail sales (from 18.4% in 2018 to 24.9% in 2020). It is concluded that China’s e-commerce market is the first largest in the world. Among the main factors in the accelerated development of e-commerce in China were the emergence of a large number of new customers due to self-isolation and the forced transition to remote work. Among the main segments of the e-commerce market are B2C and B2B models, as well as the new D2C model. The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the gross value of goods from China’s leading B2C e-commerce companies. The world’s leading e-commerce companies show a significant reduction in gross commodity value, but this does not apply to Chinese companies, which show an increase in gross commodity value from 2018–2020. In recent years, stay on e-commerce platforms has become mandatory for both Chinese and and foreign companies. During the study period, we can see the growth of online shoppers in China (as of 2020 there were already 782.41 million people). The 3 most popular Chinese electronic platforms provide “smart” trade logistics not only in China but all over the world. These include: Taobao, Tmall and JD. Taobao is the largest consumer e-commerce platform (C2C), Tmall is the largest business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce platform, and JD.com has been used as the largest direct sales market in the B2C market. Also a new but competitive player of Chinese e-commerce platforms Pinduoduo. The key advantage of which is social e-commerce. Alibaba and JD are the “big two” that account for 80% of China’s e-commerce market in 2020. An analysis of e-commerce products suggests that the greatest demand in China is for goods such as cosmetics, bags, women’s clothing and footwear and accessories. Forecasts suggest that the Chinese e-commerce market should register a strong annual growth rate of 2.8 trillion. US dollars in 2021 to 3.6 trillion. dollars in 2024 and become the first country in history to make more than half of its online retail sales this year.